王宗科,张贵锋,张誉

• 1:西安交通大学金属材料强度国家重点实验室

摘要(Abstract)：

为降低钛合金与不锈钢钎焊的工艺成本与钎料成本，采用自主设计制备的Cu-Mn-Ni钎料，在低成本保护气氛氩气下对TC4钛合金与316L不锈钢进行感应钎焊，并从润湿性、接头显微组织与力学性能方面研究其可行性，揭示了界面反应的特征与机制。试验结果表明：钎料对TC4钛合金与316L不锈钢的润湿性优异，两侧接触角分别为8°、12°与6°、7°;在钎焊温度为900和930℃下保温1 min后，接头处的显微组织为TC4/(α+β)Ti/βTi/(βTi+Ti_2Cu)+Ti_2Cu/FeTi/γFe/316L;在钎焊温度为960℃下保温1 min后，显微组织为TC4/(α+β)Ti/βTi/βTi+(βTi+FeTi)/FeTi/γFe/316L;随着钎焊温度升高，接头的抗剪强度先增大后减小，钎焊温度为930℃时，保温1 min后接头的抗剪强度达到最大值155 MPa;断口分析表明316L不锈钢侧为接头的薄弱区域，断裂发生在FeTi扩散层与临近的Ti_2Cu相内(900和930℃),或更厚更硬的FeTi扩散层内(960℃)。

关键词(KeyWords)： 感应钎焊;钛合金;不锈钢;显微组织;抗剪强度

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 陕西省科技成果转移与推广计划-吸纳成果转化资助项目（2019CGXNG-026）;; 西安交通大学材料表面技术创新团队资助项目（xtr0118008）

作者(Author): 王宗科,张贵锋,张誉

参考文献(References)：

• [1] 李毅，赵永庆，曾卫东.航空钛合金的应用及发展趋势 [J].材料导报，2020,34(z1):280-282.LI Yi,ZHAO Yongqing,ZENG Weidong.Application and development of aerial titanium alloys [J].Materials Reports,2020,34(z1):280-282.
• [2] 赵永庆，葛鹏，辛社伟.近五年钛合金材料研发进展 [J].中国材料进展，2020,39(7):527-534.ZHAO Yongqing,GE Peng,XIN Shewei.Progresses of R&D on Ti-alloy materials in recent 5 years [J].Materials China,2020,39(7):527-534.
• [3] LI Hongguang.Analysis of porosity in welding of titanium alloy [C]//2020 3rd International Conference on Electron Device and Mechanical Engineering (ICEDME).Piscataway,NJ,USA:IEEE,2020:486-489.
• [4] ZHANG Wenjun,LIU Fenggang,LIU Lixin,et al.Effect of grain size and distribution on the corrosion behavior of Y2O3 dispersion-strengthened 304 stainless steel [J].Materials Today Communications,2022,31:103723.
• [5] 李帅，夏月庆，王星星，等.钛合金/钢异种材料熔化焊研究现状 [J].材料导报，2022,36(14):184-190.LI Shuai,XIA Yueqing,WANG Xingxing,et al.Research status for the fusion welding between titanium alloy and steel [J].Materials Reports,2022,36(14):184-190.
• [6] 李继红，谢威威，杨军，等.钛/钢复合板熔化焊接头的组织和性能 [J].金属热处理，2016,41(5):48-51,52.LI Jihong,XIE Weiwei,YANG Jun,et al.Microstructure and properties of melting welded joint of Ti/steel composite plates [J].Heat Treatment of Metals,2016,41(5):48-51,52.
• [7] 刘阳，张贵锋，王士元.钛合金与不锈钢异种金属钎焊的研究进展 [J].焊管，2019,42(3):1-7.LIU Yang,ZHANG Guifeng,WANG Shiyuan.Research progress on dissimilar metal brazing of titanium alloy and stainless steel [J].Welded Pipe and Tube,2019,42(3):1-7.
• [8] ZHANG Guifeng,SU Wei,ZHANG Jianxun,et al.Friction stir brazing:a novel process for fabricating Al/steel layered composite and for dissimilar joining of Al to steel [J].Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A,2011,42(9):2850-2861.
• [9] 罗海龙，张敏，褚巧玲，等.T2-TA1搅拌摩擦钎焊接头显微组织及结合机理分析 [J].兵器材料科学与工程，2019,42(3):12-16.LUO Hailong,ZHANG Min,CHU Qiaoling,et al.Microstructure and bonding mechanism of friction stir brazing T2-TA1 lap joint [J].Ordnance Material Science and Engineering,2019,42(3):12-16.
• [10] YAO Yujie,HAN Yong,ZHANG Kaiyu,et al.The dependence of fracture mode on interfacial microstructure in TA1 pure titanium/AgCuNi/304 stainless steel vacuum brazed joints [J].Vacuum,2022,203:111318.
• [11] 夏月庆.Ti--Cu基钎料设计及钛合金/不锈钢真空钎焊机理研究 [D].大连：大连理工大学，2020.
• [12] YANG Mei,WU Xin,GONG Xiufang,et al.Interfacial microstructure and mechanical properties of TC4 titanium alloy/316L stainless steel joint brazed with Ag70.5Cu27.5Ti2 filler metal [J].Transactions of the Indian Institute of Metals,2021,74(8):1907-1916.
• [13] LEE J G,LEE M K.Microstructure and mechanical behavior of a titanium-to-stainless steel dissimilar joint brazed with Ag-Cu alloy filler and an Ag interlayer [J].Materials Characterization,2017,129:98-103.
• [14] BAI Xueyin,LIU Minqian,PANG Shujie,et al.Novel Ti-Zr-Co-Cu-M (M = Sn,V,Al) amorphous/nanocrystalline brazing fillers for joining Ti-6Al-4V alloy [J].Materials Characterization,2023,196:112607.
• [15] CAO Xu,DONG Kewei,ZHU Rui,et al.A high-strength vacuum brazed TC4/316L joint with a Ti-Zr-based amorphous ribbon as the filler metal [J].Vacuum,2021,187:110070.
• [16] XIA Yueqing,DONG Honggang,HAO Xiaohu,et al.Vacuum brazing of Ti6Al4V alloy to 316L stainless steel using a Ti-Cu-based amorphous filler metal [J].Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2019,269:35-44.
• [17] 朱瑞，李国选，汪月勇，等.TC4钛合金-316L不锈钢真空钎焊接头组织与性能研究 [J].有色金属工程，2021,11(12):8-14.ZHU Rui,LI Guoxuan,WANG Yueyong,et al.An investigation on microstructure and mechanical properties of vacuum brazed TC4 titanium to 316L stainless steel [J].Nonferrous Metals Engineering,2021,11(12):8-14.
• [18] 徐锦锋，郭嘉宝，田健，等.基于焊缝金属高熵化的钛/钢焊材设计与制备 [J].铸造技术，2014,35(11):2674-2676.XU Jinfeng,GUO Jiabao,TIAN Jian,et al.Design and preparation of welding materials applied to welding titanium and steel based on weldmetal high entropy converting [J].Foundry Technology,2014,35(11):2674-2676.
• [19] 西安理工大学.应用高熵效应焊接钛与钢的方法及焊接材料：CN201210143862.0 [P].2012-09-19.
• [20] CHU Qiaoling,LI Yi,CAO Qilu,et al.Microstructure and mechanical properties of Ti/Cu/Fe dissimilar joints [J/OL].Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance,2022 [2022-12-20].https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-022-07445-5.
• [21] JIANG Xin,ZHANG Guifeng,ZHANG Yu,et al.High temperature brazing of C/C using Hastelloy C-276 as filler and joint formation mechanism [J].Composites Part A:Applied Science and Manufacturing,2023,168:107487.
• [22] 唐仁政，田荣璋.二元合金相图及中间相晶体结构 [M].长沙：中南大学出版社，2009.
• [23] VIGRAMAN T,RAVINDRAN D,NARAYANASAMY R.Effect of phase transformation and intermetallic compounds on the microstructure and tensile strength properties of diffusion-bonded joints between Ti-6Al-4V and AISI 304L [J].Materials & Design (1980-2015),2012,36:714-727.
• [24] 张启运，庄鸿寿，曲文卿，等.三元系合金相图集 [M].北京：化学工业出版社，2022.
• [25] LI Zhumin,LI Xiaona,WANG Chenyu,et al.Comparative studies on microstructures and properties of Cu-Ni-M alloys controlled by strong interaction between elements [J].Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2019,805:404-414.